Nursing Research

Question: Compose a proof based nursing research. Answer: Presentation: Cannabis is a psychoactive medication, which is gotten from Cannabis plant. It lets down the downturn through easing back the going of the messages in the middle of body and mind. Enormous dosages of cannabis offer ascent to deliver psychedelic impacts in the human body. Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol or THC is the dynamic compound in cannabis. Cannabis is devoured in three unique structures, similar to hash oil, hashish, and weed, through eating or smoking (Aspis et al., 2015). In the weed structure, cannabis will be devoured through smoking the dried plant in a bong or joint. In hashish structure, the dried plant sap will be added to the nourishments while preparing or cooking. Some of the time, the hashish is blended in with tobacco and afterward it is devoured through smoking. Hash oils the oil type of cannabis, which is included at the tip of the cigarette while smoking. The impacts of the cannabis will be seen following an hour while eating structure. Be that as it may, the smoki ng structure influences the body straight away. Be that as it may, smoking cannabis prompts downsides in the later life. Cannabis is additionally accessible in manufactured structure, which has more unfriendly impacts than the first. Therapeutic cannabis alludes to the cannabis, which is recommended to let down the side effects of certain ailments, similar to, epilepsy, sadness, and so on it is critical to have the effect between recreational cannabis and restorative cannabis (Moffitt et al., 2013). Recreational cannabis is utilized to get 'high'. Certain enactment in Australia has encouraged the entrance of therapeutic cannabis to drop down certain ailments. Basic examination of three papers: As per Schubart et al., (2011) the exploration paper Cannabis use at a youthful age is related with crazy encounters talks about the use of cannabis and its relationship with insane encounters in the early age. Cannabis usage is identified with subclinical mental side effects and psychosis. Just because clients, the level of affiliation relies upon age and dose. This current examination researches about the relationship between beginning age and introduction level with specific profiles of subclinical side effects (Schubart et al., 2011). The exploration was performed by gathering the cross-sectional information by presenting an online form of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) from an example of the youthful grown-up populace. Quantitative investigation of cannabis presentation was estimated through the time of essential cannabis age and the measure of Euros went through on cannabis every week. The aftereffect of this investigation shows that in an example of 17 698 young people, the youths who had begun the utilization of cannabis at 12 years old or less, are indicating 10% of insane side effects (Wu et al., 2015). The investigation shows that utilizing cannabis at senior stage is associated with subclinical insane side effects, and it drops down the other negative effects. Cannabis smoking is expanding three side effect bearings, similar to, burdensome, negative and insane. In this manner, in the wake of evaluating this examination paper fundamentally under Research Paper Critical Appraisal Tool, it very well may be said that the investigation has concentrated on the point by expressing that utilization of cannabis is age explicit (Porter Jacobson 2013). This investigation has utilized all the esteemed procedure to meet the point. The aftereffect of the examination is significant as it centers around the utilization of cannabis and its relationship with insane encounters in the early age. The aftereffect of this investigation is substanti al as it tends to be applied in the nursing study. As per Veling et al., (2008), the exploration paper Cannabis use and hereditary inclination for schizophrenia: a case-control study talks about the danger of Cannabis utilization for schizophrenia. Some portion of the exploration was done trough condition genotype connection, and another piece of this examination was done through condition genotype relationship. The examination was done on the relationship between utilization of cannabis and schizophrenia and the commitment of condition quality connection in that affiliation. The exploration was directed through case-control investigation of first-scene schizophrenia (Veling et al., 2008). Two coordinated benchmark groups are remembered for this case. Between these two gatherings, one is kin, and another is migrants who have constructed contact with non-mental optional social insurance administrations. The investigating was made by expressing that utilization of cannabis offers ascend to schizophrenia and hereditary inclination for s chizophrenia offers ascend to use of cannabis. Numerical outcomes express that utilization of cannabis is more regularly as opposed to general emergency clinic control and kin. In this way, the examination can b closed by saying that utilization of cannabis is corresponded with schizophrenia, however the relationship of condition genotype isn't found. Consequently, subsequent to assessing this examination paper basically under Research Paper Critical Appraisal Tool, it very well may be said that the investigation tended to the goal of this exploration in part (Degenhardt et al., 2013). This exploration had taken all the substantial techniques to address this target. The aftereffect of this examination is significant as it states about the utilization of cannabis and schizophrenia. This outcome is pertinent in the nursing examination to a quit degree. As indicated by Barrowclough et al., (2014) the exploration paper A stage explicit mental treatment for individuals with hazardous cannabis utilize following the primary scene of psychosis: a randomized controlled preliminary talks about the use of cannabis among the psychosis individuals. The utilization of the cannabis among the individuals with the main scene of psychosis indicated the most exceedingly awful outcomes. The developments to diminish the Consumption of cannabis are incapable, and it requires an extensive stretch. The examination was directed among 110 members with one of the three conditions, for example standard consideration, a long inspirational talking - psychological social treatment (MI-CBT) intercession with standard consideration and a short persuasive meeting and subjective conduct treatment (MI-CBT) mediation with standard consideration from an early intercession administration (Barrowclough et al., 2014). The outcome indicated that neither the brief nor the all-encompassing intercessions demonstrated the advantages with respect to lessening the sum and recurrence of cannabis use. These intercessions are not improving the clinical results, similar to backslide, emergency clinic affirmation, working, side effects, and so on the beginning of psychosis and cannabis use can't improve the clinical results and diminish the cannabis use. The issues are showing up in light of the fact that numerous members are not in the dynamic stage, and some of them are not being consented to stop or diminish cannabis. In this manner, in the wake of evaluating this exploration paper fundamentally under Research Paper Critical Appraisal Tool, it very well may be said that the investigation is tending to the goal. This investigation has utilized all the legitimate strategies to address the target (Ycel et al., 2012). The consequence of this investigation is significant as the beginning of psychosis and cannabis use can't improve the clinical results and lesse n the cannabis use. The outcome is legitimate as it very well may be applied to the significant populace. Incorporation and suggestions: Three sorts of exploration had been directed on the utilization of the cannabis and the results of those uses. In the wake of coordinating the three results, it very well may be said that cannabis use is age explicit, and it is related with psychosis encounters and schizophrenia. The psychosis individuals with cannabis utilize impactsly affect the human services. The choices of cannabis use will be made in the wake of talking with various exploration and multi-proficient group (Lorenzetti et al., 2015). From these examination themes, it tends to be said that the medical attendants ought to give the correct information about the cannabis use to the patients. The principal research paper features the way that the cannabis use is age explicit, and it is related with psychosis encounters. In this manner, when the attendants are confronting these sorts of patients, they need to mindful of the reality. They should design their treatment as per the information with the assistance of other c linical experts. For this situation, the medical attendants must be progressively mindful of the portion of the cannabis and the current age of the patient. This case additionally features that the patients use cannabis at the little age or early teenagers. In this way, huge numbers of these cases will be associated with the wrongdoing (Winstock Barratt, 2013). In the palliative consideration, the medical attendants ought to educate those patients who are utilizing cannabis to oversee proficient, professions and life-constraining ailment, about the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 and related laws. In the subsequent examination paper, the relationship between utilization of cannabis and schizophrenia is talked about. In this way, when the attendants must be progressively cautious while rewarding the patients with schizophrenia and still being used of cannabis (Silins et al., 2014). The schizophrenia is a hereditary issue, yet the utilization of cannabis isn't related with the inherited acco rding to the examination paper. Along these lines, the medical attendant should be progressively touchy to this reality. The medical attendant's fundamental obligation is to keep the secrecy of those patients who utilize the cannabis at their home. Patients reserve the privilege to keep the report about their utilization of cannabis in regard to their treatment. Schizophrenia is related with numerous psychological issues. These schizophrenic patients can expect that news ought to be unveiled with some other gathering without their insight through the methods for treatment. For instance, while rewarding the patients, the attendants need the information on the connection of cannabis in the life of the patients like whatever other endorsed medication, which needs the counsel of the drug specialist (Degenhardt et al., 2013). Patients will know about the way that they are sharing the data for their advantage, and it will expand the consideration. According to the third examination paper, it tends to be said that cannabis use offers ascend to many negative effects in the patient's life. The medical caretakers need to illuminate those p

Business Management And Leadership - Leading (U4DB) Essay

Business Management And Leadership - Leading (U4DB) - Essay Example 1). He basically doesn't consider people’s sentiments over his own. His self-guideline aptitudes are solid, which incorporates, â€Å"the capacity to control or divert troublesome driving forces and dispositions and the affinity to suspend judgment and to think before acting† (Goleman, 1998, pg. 1). His understanding here is vital. Another solid territory of his is inspiration, which is, â€Å"a energy to work for reasons that go past cash and status† (Goleman, 1998, pg. 1). He has consistently been tenacious in seeking after his objectives. Shockingly, he is feeble in the region of sympathy, which is, â€Å"the capacity to comprehend the EMOTIONAL cosmetics of other people.† I accept that he generally keeps workers separate from significant dynamic procedures. At long last, his social aptitudes, which are â€Å"proficiency in overseeing connections and building systems and a capacity to discover shared view and construct rapport† (Goleman, 1998, pg . 1), could utilize help also. Once more, it integrates with having a frail security with workers as people. The zones of passionate insight that straightforwardly include the sentiments and assessments of others ought to be tended to first so as to turn this circumstance around. In all likelihood, the representatives in this situation don't feel as though they matter particularly to the organization. To start with, it is basic that I figure out how to perceive the sentiments and feelings of the representatives as people. It is additionally significant that I figure out how to comprehend the enthusiastic cosmetics of others. Social aptitudes will likewise be significant so sound connections can be worked inside the working environment. There are a few things that associations can do so as to help build up the passionate knowledge of their directors just as their different workers. The initial step is ensuring that the supervisory crew and representatives have what it takes important to

East Campus, A Home

East Campus, A Home Im writing this blog posts introduction from an Amtrak train heading back to MIT (well, South Station in Boston) from my hometown of New York City. I always manage to overheat when I travel, so Im only wearing two layers: a t-shirt and my winter coat. True to form, I had to shed that outer layer, so despite the 34-degree air outside of this 2250 Acela Express, Im in short sleeves. A few minutes ago, I got up to stretch my legs and walk the length of the car. As I headed back to my seat, I noticed three of my fellow passengers staring somewhat obviously at my shirt. Crap, did I spill something? I like this shirt too. I looked down to check, and I realized that they were probably staring because the center of the shirt looks something like this: Right. Im not at MIT right nowâ€"its easy to forget that this kind of thing isnt really normal in most other places. In fact, Im wearing the 2014 Rush shirt for my dorm, East Campus. (The dorm goes by EC for short, or East Campus Alumni Memorial Housing for long.) Youll find that my dorms been making head-turning Rush shirts for a while. I dont want to make the Admissions Blogs all-East-Campus-all-the-time, so this isnt going to really be a post about my own experiences in the dorm: it turns out that quite a few of my fellow bloggers do live/have lived here, so Ill let them handle that. Instead, as the current East Campus Historian, there are some different angles and perspectives which fall under my purview. Lets clear up some questions. Size/shape/layout/age/location of the dorm? East Campus houses about 365 undergraduates. It consists of two nearly-identical, 300-foot-long buildings known as the West and East Parallels. Each building is five stories high, and each is divided vertically into three houses. Originally, the six houses (named for alumni who donated to the dorms construction) were separate political entities, but over time that was changed to align with the social cohesion on each hall. Nowadays, saying you live in Goodale or Hayden locates you along the hall but is secondary information to saying that you live on, say, First East or Third West. Each hall has its own subculture within the dorm: five allow cats, and two allow smoking. The dorm was originally funded for construction in 1923, and opened to students for the first time in the fall of 1924. Thus, the dormitory turned ninety years old this year. It is the second-oldest dormitory after Senior House, which opened in 1916. East Campus can be found (somewhat unsurprisingly) on the eastern half of campus, bordering Ames Street, and away from most of the other dorms. Wait, why is East Campus far away from the other dorms? Its not just East Campusâ€"Senior House is also on Ames Street. Random Hall is north of most of campus along Massachusetts Avenue, but the rest of the dorms are all on the western half of campus. There are reasons for the separation. Senior House was built along with the Main Group of MITs campus in 1916: at the time, MIT didnt even own the land west of Mass Ave, and there was plenty of space on what land they did own. When the decision was made to build more undergraduate housing (that is, East Campus), it was placed near that first dorm. So why are all of the other dorms on the other side of Mass Ave? The answer lies in the 1949 Lewis Report of The Committee on Educational Survey, on page 137: The plan suggests that the East Campus (bounded by Massachusetts Avenue, Memorial Drive, Ames Street and Vassar Street) be used for classrooms, laboratories, faculty and administrative offices. Gradually as new dormitories are erected, the students would be shifted to the West Campus. The space thus vacated could be effectively utilized for educational expansion. The essence of that suggestion has stuck with MIT for the last 65 years, and has led to a rough division of focus across Mass Ave, which cuts the modern campus in two: west of Mass Ave, youll see a larger focus on student life and activities (dormitories, the student center, athletic fields, assorted clubs), and east of Mass Ave, youll see the focus on academics (classrooms, labs, libraries). I made an animated GIF to try to show this visually: it alternates between a 1924 map of MIT and a 2015 map, with dormitories highlighted (click to enlarge): Youll also notice that the Lewis report calls not only for dorm construction on West Campus, but the relocation of East Campus and Senior House residents into those new dorms. That hasnt managed to happen. Why hasnt that move happened? A mixture of lack of resources and fear of blowback from students and alumni. Thats not to say that plans havent been drafted: in 1969, when MIT released a report on the coming decade of construction and campus changes, it was announced that the 1970s would finally be when East Campus and Senior House would move westward, and the physical buildings were slated to become home to the humanities department. That didnt end up happening, obviously. Furthermore, a lot of both present and past residents of the dorm are quite fond of this place, so the reaction to closing the place weve called home would be fierce. Emotional attachment aside, how is the dorm physically holding up on its ninetieth birthday? Quite well, all things considered! East Campus was built with a bunch of concrete poured over wood and way, way too much rebar, making it a Faraday cage nearly indestructible. Since the buildings are pretty much a fireproof bomb shelter (wrecking balls would just bounce off of them), everythings held up. Cambridge building codes also state that if MIT spends more than some amount of money trying to renovate, then they will need to bring the buildings fully up to modern fire code, ADA[?], etc. and that would open too many cans of worms. As a result, there have been a lot of relaxations over what we as residents can do to the space, giving rise to murals and loft beds and crazy construction projects. That doesnt really explain why murals and loft beds and projects became a thing in East Campus: sure, MIT stopped worrying as much about keeping the walls a standardized color, but how did East Campus end up with a personality? *takes a deep breath* This is a question which is near and dear to my heart. Youre right, there isnt any particular reason why a living space needs to have a culture associated with it. And yet, MITs residential housing system has, for almost a century now, encouraged just that. The idea was that dormitories should have their own student-run government, and be as self-sufficient as possible. Instead of creating freshmen-only dorms or upperclassmen-only dorms[1], students from all four grades were to be housed side-by-side. The result was an environment where upperclassmen could teach freshmen, who would then teach the new freshmen in coming years. Its not a complicated idea, but its a powerful one. Giving a living space autonomy is one thing, but remember who the residents areâ€"not just tenants, but MIT students. Bunking that many creative minds next to each other created a feedback loop, where ideas met people with the technical know-how or the artistic abilities to bring them into action. If you dont know how to do something, chances are someone in this crazy place does. Side note: this also led to a lot of technically-complicated pranks, the beginning of MITs hacking culture. If you want to read up more on what East Campus was like in the 1920s, and what early hacking culture was like, go check out my other blog post on that. Thanks again to Lydia for helping me get that online before I was an actual Admissions Blogger :) East Campus was occupied by the US Army for a brief period during World War II, but after the students returned, starting in around 1950, we began to see the beginning of real dorm identity take root: people identify as East Campus residents, and it becomes accepted that there is a set of stereotypes which follow that identification. East Campus even receives its own catchy song: in 1964, Baker House resident Matt Fichtenbaum 66 and East Campus resident Dan Murphy 65 composed the song Old East Campus, whose lyrics (well worth the read and listen) highlight circumventing hot-plate restrictions, visitor hours, and safe volume levels. The exact gripes no longer apply, but the camaraderie certainly does. Basically, EC gets a reputation as the dorm doing crazy things. In October of 1949 there was a total lunar eclipse, and as The Tech reported, East Campus staged a monster festival [] the flare-lit orgy stayed in the higher noise levels with firecrackers, explosives, and a PA system going strong during and after the eclipse. (Seriously, go read this article.) Youre using one crazy party from over sixty years ago to justify a trend? Well, no, not just that. Turns out that absolutely nothing in East Campus is newâ€"take the pyrotechnics in that article. It turns out that fire has been a long-standing love of the dorm. From the 1928 water war, which involved igniting two abandoned, kerosene-soaked cars in the adjacent parking lot, to the annual May Day riots in the fifties, which featured a bonfire of Institute furniture, to the 1964 Fifth East fire, which burned out a newspaper-stuffed room, to the 1998 Fourth West fire to which students responded by throwing a dance party to We Didnt Start the Fire, to East Campuss modern mascot (as of 2003), which is literally a burning stickman: the dorm has never lost touch with its inner pyromaniac. During dorm-wide events, its not uncommon to hear the Soviet national anthem blaring from speakers in the courtyard. Nothing is new about the use of Communist symbolism around East Campus: take a look at the 2000 East Campus Rush t-shirt design, or the May 6, 1952 issue of The Tech, which describes a mock Communist appearanceled by a student in a red cape, [who] played the communist Internationale to the delight of the Boston newspaper reporters. Nothing that happens here is actually new; its all been done before, but that historical underpinning is what makes this place so attractive to me. There are tons of cultural shifts in play between the years and decades of East Campus residents, and yet theres a common kinship. I am awestruck by how many stories I can read from the dorms past and think Wow, this could have happened yesterday[2]. I am awestruck by how many incredibly awesome alumni I meet who share their tales of adventure, while I sit there thinking This isnt just someone who happened to live hereâ€"this is what Im going to be like in the future, Im what this person was like at my age, and I am totally okay with that. How do hall cultures fit into all of this? The ten halls of East Campus act like microcosms of culture unto themselves. This wasnt always the case: as I mentioned above, students used to consider themselves residents of, say, the Walcott house (southernmost third of the East Parallel), but not Fourth East. Even after the dorm government restructured itself in 1953 to have floor-based political representation, halls didnt really have identities associated with them yet. This would last through the fifties and almost through the sixties. Whats awesome is that the EC alumni from this period are very much around, and have done a lot to help color in the social history. From their words and from records of the time, we can point to three major changes that led to the rise of halls subcultures. First, in 1968, the halls were carpeted and two rooms per floor were converted into lounges: this was part of then-Dean of Student Affairs Ken Wadleighs effort to effect the development of good quality of student living-learning environment in these houses, as he noted in the 1968 MIT Presidents Report. The result was nearly immediate. Unprecedented community activities took place: games of bridge and Three Card Drop, tooling sessions (with blackboard), beer, slackers hanging out, etc., wrote Dave D. 72, in a public email correspondence with other alumni from that era. Soon after the birth of halls social spaces came changes in their social demographics: East Campus was first allowed to go coed in 1970. By the fall of 1971, four o f the ten halls had female undergraduate residents, and the difference in hall attitude was evident. Coed floors were noticeably healthier. Male-only floors were obsessed with sex and had a desperate, testosterone-laden attitude. Coed floors were more normal with the types of interaction you would see in a normal home, wrote Bob L. 78 in a reply. Finally, halls were given a voice in the freshmen-room-assignment process within East Campus after 1970. From Doug W. 74, also chiming in on the alumni thread: When we were allowed to have a mini-rush the next year so freshmen could select specific floors, we tried to make it clear to them that if they wanted a quiet place to study, 3rd East wasnt the best home for them. The more outgoing hacker-types got involved in the mini-rush, and we quickly decided that we should have someone high enough up on the local political food chain that we could have an insider on the floor assignment committee each Fall. From then on, the character of the Hall was self-reinforcing. I assume that process is largely still in place today. Self-reinforcing is the takeaway there: any small jokes or personality biases of a hall could now be strengthened through artificial selection of where incoming students lived. Together, hall culture was primed to grow and proliferate in a way it could not have before. The bulk of halls traditions appear after these changes. The Jack Florey Roof and Tunnel Hackers shirt, designed in a parody of the Jack Daniels Tennessee Whiskey logo, finds its origins in the 1970s, and the shirts are still sold and worn by a large subset of the dorms residents today. Third East picked up the nickname Third East Travelling Animal Zoo in the early 1970s, and within a few years the abbreviation had become a moniker for the hall itself: Tetazoo. East Campuss oldest surviving murals date to this time period as well, with murals being common pretty much everywhere by the late 1980s. Fifth Wests annual first-snowfall tradition, Flames Over New Jersey, traces its roots to around 1980; the alumnus who began the tradition, Ken M. 83, still celebrates it with his family in his Wisconsin home. The halls kitchens were added in 1983, further increasing communal space and mutual support on each hall. The halls have been rolling along ever since. Stories of pranks and water wars and parties and hacks and mayhem arent just written downâ€"we can hear them from those who lived here before us. The oral tradition has been crucial in making each hall into a community. Im glad halls feel connected, but you have described a place which seems loud and scary. Hell, your motto is THE WEAK SHALL BE EATEN. If I live in EC, am I at risk of being eaten when Im having a hard time? No. Not at all. The motto really plays off of this bravado the dorm likes to put on for fun when we act as a unit: youll see it more during dorm-wide events, such as Rush or CPW[?], or in media such as our i3[?] videos. Those events and videos are tons of fun to produce, but theyre not giving you the full story. In truth, Im not the best person to tell you about why people choose to make this dorm their home. At the beginning of the semester, our schools Chancellor, Cynthia Barnhart, was scheduled to hold a meeting in Talbot Lounge at East Campus. The Chancellor is in charge of all things student at MIT, and works directly beneath President Reif in the MIT Administration, so its fair to say that she wields quite a bit of influence over student affairs here. Chancellor Barnhart wanted to visit to learn more about East Campus and dorm cultures overall: why do people choose to live in EC? In preparation, some friends and I set up a website and sent an email to the student and alumni communities at various East Side dorms (EC, Senior House, Random, Bexley[?]). We asked for submissions of any length about why people call these places their homes, so we could present the collective to Chancellor Barnhart and other administrators. Prompts included Why is our residence system special/valuable? and How has your residence affected your life?, as well as What are the problems and threats that you see right now? The response was amazing. Submissions poured inâ€"from upperclassmen, from freshmen, from recent alumni, from not-at-all-recent alumni, from parents, from teachers, from friends. People wrote openly about how living in the dorms had provided them support networks; how their communities had helped them deal with stresses, accept their identities, nourish their mental health. People wrote about how they learned life skills beyond the classroom, how to use power tools, how to put things in places where they shouldnt go, how to do rope work, how to cook, how to help friends and strangers. 167 posts are up on the site, which is now closed as a kind of time capsule. You can view the whole collection here: http://eastcamp.us/culture. I highly recommend that you jump around postsâ€"everything is in chronological order by post time, which has no bearing on their quality. (It would be a crying shame if, for instance, you missed the first post on the site, What makes our dorms great made MIT great, by my friend Allan S. 17.) I can only hope that you do read through parts of the site, and see that THE WEAK SHALL BE EATEN really doesnt describe this place. We call it home for a reason. Post Tagged #East Campus

Who Is The Best Buy A Brand Product Sales, Services, And...

What does it take to be a leader in one’s industry? Best Buy has discovered the recipe for just that in their 50 years of existence. â€Å"Best Buy is a leader in technology product sales, services, and solutions. Founded in 1966 as an audio specialty store, the company as we know it today was largely established in the 1980s when it was renamed and eventually listed on the New York Stock Exchange (Harrington, 2016, p. 1.).† If a U.S. consumer has a need to purchase new electronics at a competitive price, the chances are high that they have a Best Buy store in their vicinity. The company has about 1400 stores and employs 125,000 people worldwide. Originally called the Sound of Music, Best Buy has grown to the point that 70 percent of Americans live within 15 minutes of a store. On top of maintaining a dominant physical footprint, the company has built their e-commerce market share to remain competitive with mega-online retailers such as Amazon.com and Ebay. 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Death And Enlightenment By Augustine - 1313 Words

Death and Enlightenment It may seem reasonable that Augustine accepted, at the time of his friend’s death, that God is unchangeable and humans are a temporary creation and just a part of the whole. However, by paying close attention to the text Augustine is writing the Confessions retrospectively. He ends up recognizing the directionality of his love and the change in his grieving in the future, after the deaths of his friend and Monica. Augustine is looking back on his life and is noticing where his ideas of love and grief were wrong. Only after Monica’s death, Augustine understands that humans are a temporary creation and God alone is never changing. When he looks back in retrospect he also sees the change in his grieving. He ends up accepting that grief is a human sin that God can forgive. When Augustine was a Manichean his passionate attachment to his friends shows how he failed to recognize that the love of friends is good, but friends must be loved in God. Humans cannot be loved in themselves alone because only God does not change. The death of Augustine s childhood friend in Thagaste acts as a message from God. His friend s Catholic family has him baptized before his death, which was almost done to Augustine. Augustine, being a Manichean at the time, no longer believes baptism is essential to life, but his friend, also a Manichean, refuses to share in his disapproval for the Catholic Sacrament and rejects Augustine s attention. Whether the baptism had anShow MoreRelatedSt. Augustine s Confessions And Dante s Inferno1746 Words   |  7 Pagestowards life and passion. In Book VIII.xi (29) the reader finds St. Augustine in a state of despair and anguish because of his ongoing internal struggle between his mind and body. Afterwards, he undergoes a surreal experience that ultimately leads to the climax of Confessions, his conversion to Christianity. The catalyst for his conversion rests upon none other than â€Å"a boy or a girl† who might be chanting, per St. Augustine, â€Å"some sort of children’s game†(152). The chant is a meager four wordsRead MoreSaint Augustine Of Hippo And Saint Thomas Aquinas1590 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosophy and religion have transformed, faded, and attempted to bring concrete answers to questions regarding human life. Saint Augustine of Hippo and Saint Thomas Aquinas are considered to be the greatest of their times, and are influential in understanding current Christian Church teachings along with philosophical teachings in general. The keystone work of Saint Augustine must be his very personal Confessions while Saint Thomas Aquinas’s keystone work must be his renowned Summa Theologiae. TheseRead MoreTrue Knowledge Is Blinded By Ignorance1658 Words   |  7 Pagesaverage human does not use the soul with the rest of its body, to allow oneself to successfully access the full knowledge, all humans are capable of. The Gospel of Luke teaches one not to cherish material items, because they do not provide true enlightenment. Jesus went around all of Galilee performing miracles, and doing good deeds for the poor. He always stressed that one should not be concerned with material possessions in life, but rather doing good for others. In the Gospel of Luke it says â€Å"TakeRead MoreAugustine s Confessions By Augustine1137 Words   |  5 PagesIn Augustine s Confessions, Augustine tells his entire life story leading up to his conversion to Christianity. Throughout his life, he experiences a vast amount of events, both that had major impacts and minor impacts. In the Confessions, Augustine called these events â€Å"episodes. 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In St. Augustine’s Confessions, the role of friendshipRead MoreAnalysis of Socrates Definition of Justice in The Republic2604 Words   |  10 Pagesat the top of the mountain up which the philosopher climbs after leaving the cave, it must be realized that the journey toward justice is one of labor but not one that is implausible. Context Plato founded the Academy at Athens after Socrates death and preserved the lessons that Socrates had taught, essentially laying a foundation for the study of philosophy in Western Civilization. Platos Republic seeks to unite the lessons of the Academy with the circle of politics that occupied much of PlatosRead MoreAugustine’S Literary Style In Confessions Was Very Effective1712 Words   |  7 Pageschanged over the course of his life as he began to combine Neoplatonic thought with metaphorical analysis of the bible. This journey, later in life, of reflecting upon our relationships to others—and to God—is relatable to most humans, however, Augustine does take it to a much higher level. I found it to be particularly poignant, as so many of us who reach a certain age tend to reassess our lives, seeing how our errant thoughts, ideology, and behavior—and even the material world—have created a barrierRead More Skepticism Essays1139 Words   |  5 Pagesthis case, that the speaker did not really know what they claimed to know. If an assertion can be worked into a contradiction, that means that the original assertion was wrong. While Socrates never claimed that knowledge is impossible, still, at his death, he never claimed to have discovered any piece of knowledge whatsoever. After its introduction into Greek culture at the end of the fourth century BC, skepticism influenced nearly all other Greek philosophies. Both Hellenistic and Roman philosophies

Crtical thinking responses Free Essays

On a sheet of paper, apply the general overview of court structure In the united States (Figure 1. 2) to your local community. A. We will write a custom essay sample on Crtical thinking responses or any similar topic only for you Order Now Within my community we have a Trial court that is capable of handling both minor violations (Misdemeanors crimes, DID, Bail hearings) and a Higher court system which deals with capital offenses and has the ability to convict, sentence and reprimand defendants. 2. On a sheet of paper, apply the list of actors In the courthouse (Table 1 . ) to your immunity. If you live In a rural area, how does your list differ from that of someone who lives in a larger community? If you live in a large metropolitan area, how does your list differ from that of someone living in a more rural area? A. Both rural and metropolitan areas share similar actors in the courthouse such as victim/plaintiff, defendant/accused, the prosecution working on behalf of the state, the defense attorney or public defender assigned to the defendant, and a Judge depending on the case or circumstance a Jury maybe unnecessary as the case doesn’t require. What private, nongovernmental organizations are important to the criminal justice system of your community? A. Lass Cruses Police Department has assigned officers capable of coordinating with local community leaders in creating a Neighborhood watch program which in turn can reduce crime in certain areas. By doing so they utilize a crime control method with this action. 4. Use newspapers, radio, and criminal Justice discussion lists or chat groups to monitor discussion concerning the criminal Justice system. Do citizens make distinctions among police, courts, and corrections, or do they lump everything under How to cite Crtical thinking responses, Papers

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Formal Lab free essay sample

The nitrating agent was prepared by slowly adding cold concentrated sulfuric acid (1. 7 mL, 0. 0319 mol) to cold concentrated nitric acid (0. 6 mL, 0. 0141 mol) in a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The mixture was carefully swirled in an ice bath to ensure that the two concentrated acids were thoroughly mixed together. In a second 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask, acetanilide (1. 0 g, 0. 0074 mol) was dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid (1. 5 mL, 0. 0281 mol) by having the acid slowly added to the solid while the mixture was swirled. Heating with a hot plate was also required to dissolve the acetanilide. When all of the solid had dissolved, the flask was cooled in an ice bath. The cold nitrating agent was added drop-wise to the cold acetanilide mixture. The flask was swirled after each addition of the nitrating agent. The flask was kept immersed in the ice bath so that the temperature of the reaction would not rise. The drop-wise addition of the nitrating agent took approximately 5-10 minutes. Including the time of adding the nitrating agent, the reaction was kept in the ice bath for a total of 20 minutes with intermittent swirling. Ice water (10 mL, 0. 555 mol) was carefully added to the flask. The mixture was thoroughly swirled to dilute the acids and was allowed to stand for about 5 minutes with occasional swirling. After the 5 minutes, solid nitroacetanilde formed. The solid was collected by vacuum filtration and rinsed with cold water. The solid was allowed to dry over the Buchner funnel for several minutes. A small amount of this solid was saved in a small test tube. The filtrate was disposed of in the waste jar in the hood. The filter flask was rinsed out with a small amount of water. The remainder of the solid was recrystallized from hot ethanol. The solid was collected by vacuum filtration. A TLC was ran on the crude solid, the recrystallized solid, and the filtrate from the recrystallization. The solid was allowed to dry until the following lab when it would be weighed and have a melting point taken. Calculations Theoretical Yield: 1. 0 g acetanilide x 1 mol/135. 16 g = 0. 0074 mol acetanilide 0. 0074 mol acetanilide x 1 mol p-nitroacetanilide/1 mol acetanilide = 0. 0074 mol p-nitroacetanilide 0. 0074 mol p-nitroacetanilide x 180. 16 g/1 mol = 1. 33 g p-nitroacetanilide Percent Yield: (Actual/Theoretical) x 100 = (0. 17 g/1. 33 g)x100 = 12. 8% yield Rf calculations: First spot: (center of first spot/ solvent front) = 3. 7 cm/ 5. 2 cm = 0. 71 Second spot: (center of second spot/ solvent front) = 4. 6 cm/ 5. 2 cm = 0. 88 Data Results The actual yield of p-nitroacetanilide was 0. 17 grams corresponding to a 12. 8% yield. The melting point was found to be 210-212 °C, confirming that the product’s identity was indeed the p-nitroacetanilide. A TLC was performed on the crude solid, the recrystallized solid, and the filtrate from the recrystallization. Each sample gave two distinct spots on the filter paper with Rf values of 0. 71 and 0. 88. Discussion Aromatic compounds can undergo electrophilic substitution reactions. In these reactions, the aromatic ring acts as a nucleophile (an electron pair donor) and reacts with an electrophilic reagent (an electron pair acceptor) resulting in the replacement of a hydrogen on the aromatic ring with the electrophile. Due to the fact that the conjugated 6? -electron system of the aromatic ring is so stable, the carbocation intermediate loses a proton to sustain the aromatic ring rather than reacting with a nucleophile. Ring substituents strongly influence the rate and position of electrophilic ttack. Electron-donating groups on the benzene ring speed up the substitution process by stabilizing the carbocation intermediate. Electron-withdrawing groups, however, slow down the aromatic substitution because formation of the carbocation intermediate is more difficult. The electron-withdrawing group withdraws electron density from a species that is already positively charged making it very electron d eficient. Therefore, electron-donating groups are considered to be â€Å"activating† and electron-withdrawing groups are â€Å"deactivating†. Activating substituents direct incoming groups to either the â€Å"ortho† or â€Å"para† positions. Deactivating substituents, with the exception of the halogens, direct incoming groups to the â€Å"meta† position. The experiment described above was an example of a specific electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction involving the nitration of acetanilde. This was formally the nitration of aniline, but some groups are not always compatible with electrophilic aromatic substitution. Aniline has an amino group (-NH2) which is electron donating and an ortho/para director. However, under the conditions of many electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions like those involving strongly acidic conditions, the amine becomes protonated (-NH3+) becoming electron withdrawing and a meta director. This is undesirable and would have led to a mixture of products. This problem can be avoided by converting the amine group into an amide (-NHCOCH3 in the case of acetanilide) prior to the electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The amide group is called a protecting group and will not form a salt under acidic conditions, is still activating and an ortho, para director. The protecting group can actually be easily removed after the substitution reaction to regenerate the original amine group if desired. In our experiment, we started with the protected aniline rather than have the acetanilide prepared from aniline and did not remove the protecting group at the end. The nitration was carried out with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid. This mixture gave NO2+ as the electrophilic species and the nitrating agent to be used in the reaction. The reaction yielded both ortho and para-nitroacetanilide as products. Para-nitroacetanilide was separated from the ortho form by recrystallization due to solubility properties. The melting point range obtained during this experiment was very important in determining the product’s identity since the two possible products had very different melting points. The product’s melting point range was found to be 210-212 °C, which is very close to the literature melting point range of p-nitroacetanilide (215-217 °C) confirming the product is essentially of the para form. Since the experimental melting point range is slightly lower than the literature value, there are still some impurities in the product. The impurities on the product are most likely o-nitroacetanilide. The TLC ran on the crude solid, the recrystallized solid, and the filtrate from the recrystallization was beneficial in determining what forms of nitroacetanilide was present at each step of the experiment. The TLC plate used had silica gel as the adsorbent which is highly polar. Ethyl acetate, polar, was used as the solvent. Therefore, the less polar substances would travel further up the plate with the more polar substances staying behind. P-nitroacetanilide is less polar than o-nitroacetanilide and was observed on the plate as the spot with the lower Rf value (0. 71). All three samples showed two spots at each of the Rf values (0. 71 and 0. 88), but the recrystallized solid sample’s second spot (Rf value of 0. 88) was very faint on the plate and was barely noticeable compared to the other two samples. This further supported that there was probably still a little bit of o-nitroacetanilide in the final recrystallized product, as previously shown by the melting point range. It was also expected that the crude solid sample and the filtrate from recrystallization sample would both contain both the ortho and para form and show the two distinct spots on the TLC plate. In conclusion, this lab proved to be successful in nitrating an aromatic compound and isolating the p-nitroacetanilide from the ortho/para mixture of products. The percent yield (12. 8%) was pretty low, but a low percent yield was expected. The sources of error which may have led to such a low percent yield include the fact that we had to separate the para product from the ortho product and most likely lost a good amount of product in this step. Also, the nitrating agent (NO2+) was gaseous and had to be prepared in â€Å"situ† from the reaction of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. It is very probable that we did not have a 100% yield of the nitrating agent prepared to be able to react in the nitrating reaction. As low as the percent yield may have been, I feel confident that the final product was pretty pure. This was evidenced by both the obtained melting point range, which was fairly close to the literature value, and the TLC plate which showed only a little bit of the ortho product. References 1) Sigma-Aldrich website